HFSS-IE Excitations

Lumped Port

Represents an internal surface through which a signal enters or exits the device. It is effectively a lumped element for exciting the device and measuring S-parameters.

Terminal

A terminal is defined by one or more conductors in contact with the port. HFSS-IE treats microwave structures as a black box that may have one or more terminals, each of which contains a voltage/current pair. Terminals are assigned automatically.

Plane Incident Wave

Represents a wave that propagates in one direction and is uniform in the directions perpendicular to that of its propagation.

Far Field Wave

A Far field wave is sufficiently far (usually more than a wavelength distance) from an antenna to approximate as a plane wave.

Near Field Wave

A Near Field wave is close enough to the antenna source for near field effects to occur, typically within a wavelength.