HFSS Excitations

Wave Port

Represents the external surface through which a signal enters or exits the geometry. It is effectively a semi-infinite waveguide attached to the model. This waveguide has the same cross-section and material properties as the port. Wave ports are placed on this interface to provide a means to link the model device to the external world.

Lumped Port

Represents an internal surface through which a signal enters or exits the device. It is effectively a lumped element for exciting the device and measuring S-parameters.

Terminal

A terminal is defined by one or more conductors in contact with the port. HFSS treats microwave structures as a black box that may have one or more terminals, each of which has a voltage/current pair. Terminals are assigned automatically.

Floquet Port

Floquet Ports are used exclusively with periodic structures defined by Master-Slave boundaries. They contain plane waves whose frequency, phasing, and the geometry of the periodic structure determine the propagation direction. Chief examples are planar phased arrays and frequency selective surfaces when these may be idealized as infinitely large and analyzed using a unit cell.

Incident Wave

Represents a propagating wave impacting the geometry.

Voltage Source

Represents a constant electric field across feed points.

Current Source

Represents a constant electric current across feed points.

Magnetic Bias

Used to define the net internal field that biases a saturated ferrite object.